The supercharger used in the car, which was originally a supercharger, was called a supercharger when it was invented. Later, after turbocharging was invented, in order to distinguish the two, the turbocharger was originally called Turbo. Supercharger, mechanical supercharger is called Mechanical Supercharger. Over time, the two were simplified to Turbocharger and Supercharger!
"1.6L Supercharged Engine for Mercedes-Benz C180K"
The supercharger compressor is driven by the engine crankshaft. Generally, belts are used to connect the crankshaft pulleys, and the torsion of the crankshaft is used to drive the supercharger to achieve the purpose of supercharging. According to the different structures, there have been many types of mechanical supercharging, including Vane, Roots, and Wankle. However, it is now more common for the first two.
The Luz supercharger has two types of double-blade and three-blade rotors. At present, the double-blade rotor is more common. Its structure is that two 茧-shaped rotors are installed in the oval-shaped housing, and a very small gap is maintained between the rotors. Without direct contact. The two rotors are linked by a helical gear. One of the rotor's rotating shafts is connected with the driven pulley. The rotor shaft's pulley is equipped with an electromagnetic clutch. When there is no pressurization, the clutch is released to stop the pressurization. The opening and closing of the clutch is controlled by the computer for the purpose of fuel economy.
The blade-type (also known as eddy-current) body is a type of blade-type body. Its operation mode is mainly to use three planetary gear sets that can change the rotation speed according to different centrifugal forces to drive the inlet vanes. Through the mutual friction between the gear group and the shaft center of the blade, the shaft rotation speed is increased and the speed of the inlet blade is further increased to obtain a continuous pressurization reaction. In other words, the higher the engine speed, the faster the inlet vane speed can be increased.
Supercharged features:
Mechanical supercharging and turbocharging have obvious differences in the power output. The former has a linear output close to the natural intake, while the latter has a relatively more turbulent output due to the phenomenon of turbo lag. It is less linear.
Because of the supercharged operating principle, it can be boosted at low speeds. The boosted power output also has a certain ratio with the crankshaft speed, that is, the power output of the supercharged engine increases with the increase of the speed. Therefore, the supercharged engine's output performance is very similar to the natural gas, but it can have a greater horsepower and torque.
Because the supercharger adopts the characteristics of belt drive, the internal blade speed and engine speed of the supercharger are completely synchronized. The basic characteristics are as follows:
Engine rpm X(R1/R2) = Turbocharger blade rpm
Radius of R1 engine belt pulley
R2 Radius of the supercharger belt pulley
The supercharger uses the engine speed to drive the internal mechanism of the supercharger. The overall structure is simple, and the operating temperature is between 70 °C and 100 °C, which is much more comfortable than the 400 °C -900 °C high temperature working environment of exhaust gas-driven turbocharger. Therefore, the requirements of the supercharging system for the cooling system and the lubrication system are basically the same as those of the NA engine, and the machine maintenance procedures are also similar.
In addition, the advantage of supercharging is that it is small in size, it does not need to modify the engine body and it is easy to install. Therefore, the field of modification in the United States is also very popular. Vehicles originally designed for large displacement NAs are particularly suitable for retrofitting.
In the racing car racing, the air conditioner compressor is to be dismantled. The Formula car and even the starter motor and the oil pump are all changed to external connections in order to reduce the burden on the engine.
Reliance on engine-powered superchargers, like the above components, imposes additional burden on the engine. Therefore, the running resistance of the turbocharger itself must be as small as possible, so as not to drag down the engine's working efficiency, the engine speed can be increased faster.
However, the intake air volume of the supercharger is directly proportional to the resistance. When high pressurization is used, although the output power of the engine greatly increases, the wind resistance of the inner blade of the relatively turbocharger also increases. When the resistance reaches a certain limit, this resistance will cause the engine to bear a great load. Affect the speed increase. Therefore, the supercharger must balance the boost value with the engine load in order to avoid the negative effects of high pressurization.
At present, the European designed superchargers are mostly low pressure boosts ranging from 0.3 to 0.5 bar, focusing on low-speed torque output and high-to-high speed "high-profile" horsepower output. The new high-efficiency turbocharger developed by Taiwan's "Tekigai" can produce a moderate boost value of 0.6-1.2 bar, and the power boost is more significant. Although the supercharging system still cannot break through the 1.5 bar high pressure boost range at this stage, and turbocharging has already surpassed the 2.2 bar ultra-high pressure boundary, in terms of efficiency, the turbo booster system can use a “multiplier†to boost the engine. The output, but the money to be paid, the maintenance, and the peripheral integration are also multiple times of mechanical supercharging.
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