China Aerospace News Network recently reported that the Institute of Space Medicine, the Institute of Space Technology, and the Fifth Committee for Assembly and Environmental Engineering completed the acceptance of the extravehicular spacesuit experimental cabin's high-vacuum cryogenic pump project. Experts and leaders listened carefully to the technical team's summary report on the low-temperature pump and unanimously approved its acceptance. The evaluation group highly praised the team's achievements and commended the performance of the cryogenic pump developed by the Ministry.
As spacecraft environment simulation equipment requires a clean and oil-free vacuum system, large-diameter cryogenic pumps are ideal for handling various gases, especially oxygen, which demands a high pumping speed. Previously, these pumps were imported. However, due to embargoes imposed by the United States and Japan on such critical equipment, China had to embark on an independent research and development path.
Upon receiving the task, the technical team first conducted a comprehensive review and design process, incorporating, summarizing, comparing, innovating, and theoretically verifying their approach. They then successfully developed the test system and carried out repeated comparisons and verification tests of different testing methods. Following this, they installed the pump body, aligned the couplings, and tested the cryogenic pump's performance parameters. The results showed excellent performance across all aspects. After being used in the 507 space shuttle service laboratory cabin intermodal system, the cryogenic pump has been operating normally.
The performance indicators of the four "Shenzhou" brand cryogenic pumps meet the design requirements, with performance levels comparable to those of similar-sized pumps in developed countries. This achievement marks a breakthrough in breaking the technological blockade imposed by the U.S. and Japan on China's vacuum pumping technology, particularly in achieving high pumping speeds.
For the first time in China, a large-caliber, high-precision cryogenic pump performance testing equipment was developed, combining the flow method and the flow-guiding method. This new testing approach, which was adopted for the first time, significantly improved the pumping speed of cryogenic pumps.
Undertaking such a heavy and complex task, the Space and Fifth Hospital General Assembly, along with the Environmental Engineering Department, overcame numerous challenges under the leadership of the Ministry. With the support and coordination of various units, they completed the development of four cryogenic pumps on schedule. During the R&D phase, researchers spent long periods in the field to ensure the project's success. Their collective efforts led to a remarkable achievement that highlights China's growing capabilities in advanced aerospace technology.
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