2012 is about to pass, this year is mixed for the LED industry. Although many countries including China have already banned the sale of incandescent lamps, the sales of LED lamps have not exploded as scheduled, but there have been many chain storms in which lamps and lanterns manufacturers have closed down. However, there are also manufacturers who are smiling and earning a lot of money. Overall, this year, the LED market is a normal year of adjustment. For the LED lighting market in 2013, the lowest retail price of LED bulbs replacing 40 watt (W) incandescent lamps. The price has reached a sweet spot of $10, and the industry is optimistic that the overall LED lighting market will be warmer next year.
Therefore, what the industry has to do now is to do a good job in technical reserve and program selection, and only to invest fully when the market breaks out. Here, in conjunction with several new mainstream LED manufacturers such as PowerIntegrations, we will talk about the four trends of the 2013 LED lighting solutions.
Trend 1: Dimming technology is greatly upgraded, and it is expected to become a bright spot in LED lighting applications. The challenges of dimming technology are very large. Because LED lighting uses current driving mode, the existing dimmers are mostly voltage dimming. Therefore, the challenge in terms of compatibility is quite large. However, this is also a weapon for distinguishing the advantages and disadvantages of the scheme. In the previous LED dimming scheme, common problems are small dimming range, sudden brightening in dimming, and low dimming. Flashing and the like have seriously affected the user experience. However, with the introduction of special solutions such as PI, the LED dimming problem is expected to be solved. With the latest release of PI's LYTSwitchIC, it is possible to achieve very good dimming performance. Even at low conduction angles, the NEMASSL6 standard can be easily reached. In addition, the drive starts very fast, usually less than 500 milliseconds. Even when the light output of 10 is turned on, the startup speed is also very fast. In actual solutions, Light bulbs designed with LYTSwitchIC can be turned on at almost the same dimming angle as when turned off, which virtually eliminates sudden brightening. In addition, the deadband in the TRIAC dimming is eliminated because the LYTSwitch controller ensures that the dimmer is dimmed as soon as it starts working. In this respect, PI claims to have a patented circuit technology. From the perspective of dimming curve, PI's solution has obvious advantages.
Another challenge of dimming technology is compatibility. Now there is no solution that can achieve 100 compatible dimmers, so it is very good to be able to achieve 90 or more. Now it is PowerIntegrations that claims to be able to achieve this ratio. It seems that PI has done a lot of work in dimming. With the gradual popularization of LED lamps, the upgrade of dimming technology can bring more and better experiences to users, and it will become a new selling point. You can pay attention to this function when choosing a solution. In support of dimming mode, manufacturers generally support thyristor dimming and PWM dimming.
Trend 2: Single-stage circuit architecture gradually dominates the mainstream. In order to obtain better dimming characteristics, many solution providers adopt a two-stage architecture, namely PFC (Power Factor Correction) isolated DC/DC converter architecture. The design can effectively reduce the power supply ripple, because some designers think that the single-stage PFC circuit ripple is too large, which is afraid of causing LED life, luminous efficiency and color temperature. Therefore, the use of two-stage circuits is more, and now, With the introduction of a single-stage solution with a high switching frequency, the advantages of a single-stage circuit are very obvious, because in terms of efficiency, the two-stage circuit is difficult to combat with a single level. At present, several manufacturers can achieve a single-stage solution with an efficiency of 92 or more. , two-stage circuit, usually only about 85 efficiency.
Another advantage of the single-stage circuit is that the circuit is simple. As can be seen from the above figure, the PI solution can achieve the efficiency of 92! Therefore, in the future, a single-stage circuit will occupy the mainstream. This is also the opinion of some industry experts.
Trend 3: Integrating PFC and MOSFETs has become a standard solution in the past, especially for medium and low power lighting solutions. Many manufacturers have not considered PFC circuits because on the one hand, there is no mandatory requirement in the country, and on the other hand, it will increase the cost of the solution. Now integrating PFC in the low- and medium-power drive scheme has become a standard. First, this is in line with the general trend of energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, the Chinese government has taken the lead in clearly specifying such requirements in the bidding project. Therefore, chip manufacturers have followed suit.
For example, PI's LYTSwitchIC integrates PFC and constant current (CC) into a single switching circuit, which increases efficiency in typical applications to over 90, power factor greater than 0.95, and easily meets EN61000-3-2C for total harmonics. Distortion (THD) requirements. The THD of the design can be optimized to be less than 10. The following figure shows the circuit efficiency of three typical applications.
According to McKinsey's market research report "LightingtheWay", the price of LED bulbs fell at around 9 per quarter. In order to compensate for the price drop, IC component manufacturers will adopt a high integration strategy to enhance the function of the driver IC. At present, many manufacturers adopt integrated MOSFET strategy, integrate 500V or 600V MOSFET and provide a complete protection scheme, which can make the LED scheme lighter. Reliability has also improved, the current PI solution is to integrate 650V and 725V high voltage MOSFET.
Trend 4: The electroless capacitor solution is becoming more mature Since the LED lighting has gradually gained heat, the use of electrolytic capacitors in lighting schemes has been controversial. Opponents believe that electrolytic capacitors are the lifespan killer of LED lamps, and believe that electrolytic capacitors have seriously affected the LED lamps. Life expectancy, and those who support it believe that the role of electrolytic capacitors in filtering ripple can not be ignored, especially the low-frequency flicker caused by the high ripple current caused by electroless capacitors is getting more and more attention. Researchers believe that strobes below 165 Hz are not easily noticeable to the human eye, but this has caused physical discomfort to some people's eyes. A large amplitude of low-frequency ripple will also cause some digital cameras to have a difference frequency. Flashing bright and dark grids, so proponents recommend solving them with high-specification electrolytic capacitors, but this adds cost and size. Is there no solution?
From the latest new products, the leading manufacturers agree that the electroless capacitor solution will be the mainstream in the future. In solving the flicker and ripple, each has its own unique ideas. For example, the trend adopted by PI is to increase the frequency of the switching power supply. At 132 kHz, at such high frequencies, the ripple is much smaller, and at the same time, the required transformer core can be reduced, which reduces the cost.
Of course, it is necessary to strengthen the effect of eliminating electrolytic capacitors through a highly integrated single-stage scheme. Taking PI's LYTSwitchIC as an example, not only can high-voltage large-capacity electrolytic capacitors be eliminated, but also the number of external components can be reduced, thereby greatly extending the service life of the driver. Andrew Smith, senior product marketing manager at PowerIntegrations, points out that such a solution can extend the life of LED luminaires even at high ambient temperatures. In addition, precise primary side control allows the drive to achieve truly tight current performance under different loads. Constant current regulation over a wider temperature range and manufacturing variations is better than /5, which in itself helps to extend the life of LED luminaires.
In 2013, LED luminaires will adopt more intelligent lighting control, for example, through mobile phones or other devices to achieve remote control, but the change is not the same, low-cost and high-reliability lamps are the users who are willing to pay real bills, those harvests in 2012 The manufacturer is in line with this principle.
Looking forward to 2013, the LED market will recover from the downturn, and the lighting companies will choose your solution and welcome a new climax market.
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