How Migrant Workers Integrate into Cities to Solve Problems from Migratory Birds to Residents

After the Spring Festival, a large number of rural migrant workers once again embarked on a journey to work outside the city and began another year of “migratory birds”. Migrant workers have made important contributions to urban development. However, they have always lacked a sense of belonging to the cities in which they work. How far does it go from migratory birds to residents? What problems have yet to be solved for migrant workers to integrate into urban communities? Recently, the reporter walked among the peasant workers in Jinan, Shandong, to understand their emotions, confusions and appeals...

Can afford to live under the roof

“I have heard that the provincial capital now has public rental housing and low-rent housing. If those of us who come to work in Jinan can also live on, how good it is!” In Miaocun, Chen Baoqiang, who is now living, talks with reporters about his expectations.

In 2001, Chen Baoqiang and his wife, Connie Ai, came to work in Jinan from Heze. During Jinan, they gave birth to a son. For more than a decade, they have been unable to remember how many times they moved home and now live in a 20-square-meter house in Hongmiao Village.

At noon, the sky suddenly began to rain. Chen Baoqiang put on his poncho and stepped on an electric car. He nonstop rushed to a nearby community tutoring center to pick up his son.

To be precise, the family of three of their families is not as big as 20 square meters. Half of the houses on the roadside are used to sell tobacco and liquor groceries. The remaining 78 square meters is the space where they live.

When he entered the home of Chen Baoqiang, the reporter saw that there was a meal of leftovers on the plastic table under the gas stove, and a few condiments and rice bowls were messed up on the small table next to the stove. One of them was collapsed. The single sofa is separated from the gas tank by a half step distance. Behind the drapes next to the sofa, the bed was tightly stuck in the corner. The family was sleeping on this bed for 10 years. "The upper berth is a child, and adults sleep under."

At ordinary times, Chen Baoqiang worked outside the house. His wife runs a small shop at home and takes care of the children. In order to facilitate the wholesale of goods from the Internet, Chen Baoqiang added a computer a few months ago. "With computers, you can also start paying for call service, and you can earn a few more dollars a day." Cong Aihui raised a freshly cooked soup and said, "I can earn more than 1,000 yuan each month."

Her husband works outside and Cong Ai Shui keeps the shop at home. “Rent is 300 yuan per month, water, electricity and gas add up to about 200 yuan, and 10 yuan health bill.” Cong Ai water took care of his fingers and calculated the account for the reporter. “Now the price is so high, a family of three monthly meals. At least 1,000 to 1,500 yuan, in addition to his son's tuition fees and other fragmented expenses. The account is more and more nervous."

“Our generation will certainly return to the countryside in the future. The reason why we insisted on being in the provincial capital for so many years is to allow children to live in the city and truly belong to this city.” Although most of the year, Chen Baoqiang The family lives in the city, but he always feels that he is far from the city and cannot find a sense of belonging. “I heard that the coverage of public rental housing and low-cost housing will gradually expand, if we can apply to a set just fine!” Here, Chen Baoqiang eyes shining, “After all, can afford housing, can be tied Under the root!"

Xiao Guona's expectation of "hukou"

The 10-year-old Guo Na is not tall and has a round face. She is very healthy. She has just entered the fourth grade this year and is a schoolgirl in the children's school of migrant workers in Licheng District. Guo Na, like the children of most migrant workers, takes care of himself.

Guo Na’s parents came to work in Jinan 5 years ago and rented out shops outside Licheng District’s chemical fiber community to start the electric lock business. In order to make Guo Na closer to the school, her parents rented two houses near the school, more than 20 square meters, bought some simple furniture, and the family stayed. Although Guo Na has been living in Jinan since going to school, her account is still in her hometown.

Guo Na's schedule for the day is almost like this: At 6 o'clock, a family goes out on time and goes their separate ways. Buy two steamed buns and a soy milk as early as possible at the school entrance. At 7:40, Guo Na sat in the classroom at the right time and put homework on the corner of the table for the morning and evening. During the class, Guo Na listened very carefully and notes were carefully remembered. At noon, other children went home to dinner, and Guo Na had a meal card in the school cafeteria. In the afternoon, the school bell rang and Guo Na walked up to the bike room. Only then did Guo Na feel the difference between her and her classmates. Many of my classmates have been transferred to and from school, and she has always been cycling to school.

At 17:10, Guo Na, who completed the day's course, rode a bicycle and returned to her home. When parents are too busy to go home late, she must find food for herself, and the small restaurant at the doorstep is where she often visits.

Guo Na’s parents also often come back from the dinner outside, from 20 to 21 in the morning and 23 in the evening. "I finished my homework and put it on the table. When Mom and Dad come back, they will check the homework carefully and sign it later," said Guo Na.

Guo Na’s well-behaved sensibility taught the teacher Chen Xiao to be very compassionate, but Chen Xiao’s heart also had a secret that could not be described for Guo Na. “She is not a Jinan Hukou and she must return to her hometown to attend the middle school entrance examination and college entrance examination.” In fact, Chen Xiao Guo Na’s parents have been urged to migrate their accounts, but she also understands that this is not an easy task.

Teacher graduates who want to learn skills

Although it was in the spring of March, Jinan had a much lower temperature than in the same period of previous years. The genius at 5 o'clock was somewhat bright. Zhao Yusheng kept looking at the bus station with heavy tool bags. Five minutes later, bus 37 slowly came in. He swallowed half of the pancake in his hand and picked up the tool bag to squeeze it into the door. Ten minutes ago, he had just bid farewell to his newly-married wife who was working in Jinan. They had to go home until 20 o'clock.

26-year-old Zhao Yusheng has been working in Jinan, his hometown, for 3 years. He followed his relatives at home to work as a home improvement worker and his wife worked as a salesperson in a shopping mall. He and his wife, who had been newly married for eight months, rented a 13-square-meter house in an open-plan community near the Old East Gate.

Recently, Zhao Yusheng is installing hydropower pipelines for a villa located near Qianfoshan. It was already 9 o'clock when several buses arrived at the construction site. After he put on black shoes and overalls, he quickly started to work. Scattered dust filled the house with the sound of electric hammers. Zhao Yusheng said while opening the window: "We must be careful and careful in this activity, but we must also endure dirt, bitterness, and tiredness."

“The installation of hydropower pipelines is a job with a certain technical content. It is not allowed to rework. It must be faster and better first. A friend joke that my eyes are small, and my innate desire is to do this.” He was not tall, but he was thin and thin. Edge laughed. Few people around knew that Zhao Yusheng, who had just graduated from the Guangxi Normal Normal University nearly three years ago, had almost become a teacher.

"When a teacher was my childhood dream, but after graduating from a normal school, my two candidates were eliminated during the interview." Facing reality, he smiled helplessly and said, No way, the family was too poor to work.

Recalling the days when I was a teacher at a primary school in my hometown, Zhao Yusheng could not conceal his happiness. “The feeling of being on the podium for the first time I could never forget! Although only for two months, the students were all I liked me very much. I returned home shortly afterwards and met a student of the same year. I also called 'Zhao teacher'.” In his speech, he even forgot about his job.

Although once studied in the city, it is not easy to truly integrate into this city. Zhao Yusheng said that what he longs for now is to get free skills training provided by the government. “Only one skill can really worry about it.”

“Now it is not easy to work in the cities to make money. When you’re living a lot, you can earn more than 4,000 bucks a month, and when you’re alive, you can make more than 1,000 bucks a month. In big cities, rents are expensive, expensive, and they cost a lot. There wasn’t much money left and I didn’t dare to get married when I got married.” He said, screwing the next nail into the pipe. “So you have to have a unique technology to be afraid of competition, but now you have no money to learn!” ”

At 18 o'clock, the sky began to darken. Zhao Yusheng packed up his tools and rushed to the bus station...

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