Recently, the team of researchers of Deng Dehui, the National Key Laboratory of Catalysis of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, proposed and implemented a new strategy for high-energy efficiency (>99.99%) for high-energy efficiency: room temperature electrochemical vapor shift (EWGS) reaction. The full results of the relevant results were published in Nature Communication.
Hydrogen energy is regarded as the clean energy of the most potential in the 21st century. At present, the water vapor shift (WGS) reaction (CO + H2O → H2 + CO2) is the main method for industrially producing hydrogen on a large scale. However, the WGS process usually needs to be carried out under conditions of high temperature (180 ° C - 250 ° C) and high pressure (1.0 - 6.0 MPa). In addition to the harsh reaction conditions, the hydrogen produced by the WGS reaction often contains about 1% to 10% of CO residues and the reaction products CO2 and CH4, etc., which require further separation and purification for downstream applications. Therefore, the development of more economical and environmentally friendly methods, direct preparation of high purity hydrogen under mild conditions is an urgent need for hydrogen energy development, but it is also very challenging.
After long-term exploration, the Deng Dehui team combined the principle of electrochemical reaction to subtly divide the redox reaction of WGS into two semi-reactions separated from each other. For the first time, an electrochemical method for directly preparing high-purity hydrogen at normal temperature and pressure was proposed. Water vapor transformation concept. In the EWGS reaction, CO is oxidized at the anode, and the generated CO2 reacts with the electrolyte KOH to form potassium carbonate, which avoids the emission of CO2; at the same time, the water is directly reduced at the cathode to form high-purity hydrogen. The yin and yang electrodes are separated by an anion exchange membrane to keep the solution ion balance while separating the bipolar products. Therefore, the process of separation and purification of hydrogen in the conventional WGS is avoided in principle. By optimizing the design of the catalyst and the electrode structure, the reaction achieved 99.99% high purity hydrogen production under normal temperature and pressure conditions and reached nearly 100% hydrogen production Faraday efficiency. The optimized anode initial potential of the PtCu catalyst in the EWGS reaction decreased to near 0V, which was significantly lower than the theoretical theoretical potential of the electrolyzed water of 1.23V; at 0.6V, the LSV current density reached 70mA/cm2, which is better than the commercial Pt/. The activity of the C catalyst was increased by more than 12 times; the catalyst was able to maintain high activity after 475 hours of stability testing.
The research team cooperated with the researcher of Dalian Institute of Chemical Industry, Su Haiyan, and found through theoretical calculations that the introduction of Cu weakened the adsorption of CO on Pt, effectively avoiding the poisoning of the catalyst, thus achieving the high activity and high stability of the catalyst in EWGS. Sex. Compared to the traditional WGS, EWGS is a completely different high-efficiency catalytic process that can be carried out at room temperature and pressure, which provides a new idea for low-energy production of high-purity hydrogen.
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